Iziqedi zikakhonkolo zingazuza ngokushintshela kumathuluzi ezandla asuselwa ku-zinc ukusuka ku-bronze.Okubili kuyaqhudelana ngokobulukhuni, ukuqina, ukwakheka kwekhwalithi nokuqedwa kochwepheshe-kodwa i-zinc inezinzuzo ezengeziwe.
Amathuluzi ethusi ayindlela enokwethenjelwa yokufinyelela emaphethelweni erediyasi kanye namalunga okulawula aqondile kukhonkolo.Isakhiwo sayo esiqinile sinokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo esilungile futhi singanikeza imiphumela yekhwalithi yochwepheshe.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amathuluzi ethusi ngokuvamile ayisisekelo semishini eminingi yokuqeda ukhonkolo.Nokho, lokhu okuthandwayo kuza ngentengo.Izindleko zezimali nezabasebenzi zokukhiqiza ithusi zibangela ukulahlekelwa embonini, kodwa akudingekile ukuba kube njalo.Kukhona enye impahla etholakalayo-zinc.
Nakuba ukwakheka kwabo kuhlukile, ithusi ne-zinc zinezakhiwo ezifanayo.Ziqhudelana zodwa mayelana nobulukhuni, ukuqina, ukwakheka kwekhwalithi kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa komhlaba ochwepheshe.Nokho, i-zinc inezinye izinzuzo ezengeziwe.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinc kwehlisa umthwalo kosonkontileka nabakhiqizi.Kuwo wonke amathuluzi ethusi akhiqizwayo, amathuluzi amabili e-zinc angawashintsha.Lokhu kunciphisa inani lemali emoshwayo kumathuluzi anikeza imiphumela efanayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizi kuphephile.Ngokushintsha okuthandwayo kwemakethe ku-zinc, bobabili osonkontileka nabakhiqizi bazozuza.
Ukuhlolisisa ukwakheka kwembula ukuthi ithusi liwuketshezi lwethusi osekuyiminyaka engaphezu kuka-5 000 lisetshenziswa.Phakathi nenkathi ebucayi yeNkathi Yethusi, kwakuyinsimbi evamile eqinile futhi eguquguqukayo kunazo zonke eyaziwa isintu, ikhiqiza amathuluzi angcono, izikhali, izikhali nezinye izinto ezidingekayo ukuze umuntu aphile.
Ngokuvamile kuyinhlanganisela yethusi nethini, i-aluminium noma i-nickel (njll.).Amathuluzi amaningi okhonkolo angama-88-90% ethusi kanye no-10-12% wethini.Ngenxa yamandla ayo, ubulukhuni kanye ne-ductility ephezulu kakhulu, lokhu kwakheka kufanelekile kakhulu kumathuluzi.Lezi zici futhi zihlinzeka ngomthamo ophezulu wokuthwala umthwalo, ukumelana okuhle kokuhuzuka kanye nokuqina okuphezulu.Ngeshwa, futhi ijwayele ukugqwala.
Uma echayeke emoyeni owanele, amathuluzi ethusi azokhipha i-oxidize futhi abe luhlaza.Lolu ngqimba oluluhlaza, olubizwa nge-patina, ngokuvamile luwuphawu lokuqala lokuguga.I-patina ingaba yisithiyo esivikelayo, kodwa uma ama-chloride (njengalawo asemanzini olwandle, inhlabathi noma umjuluko) ekhona, lawa mathuluzi angakhula abe "isifo sethusi".Lokhu ukubhubha kwamathuluzi e-cuprous (asekelwe ethusi).Kuyisifo esithathelwanayo esingangena ensimbi siyibhubhise.Uma lokhu sekwenzekile, cishe alikho ithuba lokukumisa.
Umhlinzeki we-zinc use-United States, okhawulela umsebenzi wokukhipha.Lokhu akulethanga nje imisebenzi eminingi yobuchwepheshe e-United States, kodwa futhi kwanciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nenani lokudayisa.Izinkampani zaseMarshalltown
Ngenxa yokuthi i-zinc ayinayo i-curous, "isifo sethusi" singagwenywa.Ngokuphambene nalokho, iyisici sensimbi esinesikwele saso etafuleni le-periodic kanye nesakhiwo sekristalu esine-hexagonal evaliwe (hcp).Iphinde ibe nobulukhuni obumaphakathi, futhi ingenziwa ithambile futhi kube lula ukuyicubungula ezingeni lokushisa elingaphezudlwana kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kokubili ithusi ne-zinc kunobulukhuni obufaneleka kakhulu kumathuluzi (esikalini sokuqina se-Mohs sezinsimbi, i-zinc = 2.5; ithusi = 3).
Ukuze kuqedwe ukhonkolo, lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngokokwakheka, umehluko phakathi kwethusi ne-zinc mncane.Kokubili kunikeza amathuluzi okhonkolo anamandla aphezulu okuthwala, ukumelana okuhle kokuhuzuka, kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza cishe imiphumela efanayo yokuqeda.I-Zinc ayinabo bonke ububi obufanayo-ilula, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, imelana namabala ethusi, futhi iyonga.
Ukukhiqizwa kwethusi kuncike ezindleleni ezimbili zokukhiqiza (ukubunjwa kwesihlabathi nokufaka ukufa), kodwa ayikho indlela eyongayo kubakhiqizi.Umphumela uba ukuthi abakhiqizi bangase badlulisele lobu bunzima bezezimali kosonkontileka.
Ukubunjwa kwesihlabathi, njengoba negama lisho, ukuthela ithusi elincibilikisiwe esikhunjeni esilahlwayo esinyatheliswe ngesihlabathi.Njengoba isikhunta silahlwa, umenzi kufanele ashintshe noma aguqule isikhunta sethuluzi ngalinye.Le nqubo ithatha isikhathi, okuholela ekukhiqizweni kwamathuluzi ambalwa futhi kubangele izindleko eziphakeme zamathuluzi ethusi ngoba ukunikezwa akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esiqhubekayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulingisa ukufa akuyona into eyodwa.Uma insimbi ewuketshezi ithelwa esikhunjeni sensimbi, yaqina futhi yasuswa, isikhunta siphinde silungele ukusetshenziswa ngokushesha.Kubakhiqizi, okuwukuphela kwengozi yale ndlela ukuthi izindleko zesikhunta esisodwa se-die-casting zingaba phezulu kumakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi.
Kungakhathaleki ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuphonsa umkhiqizi akhetha ukuyisebenzisa, ukugaya kanye nokukhipha imali kuyabandakanyeka.Lokhu kunikeza amathuluzi ethusi ukwelashwa okubushelelezi, okulungele ishalofu futhi okulungele ukusetshenziswa.Ngeshwa, le nqubo idinga izindleko zabasebenzi.
Ukugaya kanye nokukhishwa kwe-deburring kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhiqizwa kwamathuluzi ethusi, futhi kuzokhiqiza uthuli oludinga ukuhlunga ngokushesha noma umoya omncane.Ngaphandle kwalokhu, abasebenzi bangase baphathwe yisifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pneumoconiosis noma i-“pneumoconiosis”, esidala ukuthi izicubu ezibomvu zinqwabelane emaphashini futhi zibangele izinkinga ezinkulu zamaphaphu ezingapheli.
Nakuba lezi zinkinga zempilo zivame ukugxila emaphashini, ezinye izitho nazo zisengozini.Ezinye izinhlayiya zingase zincibilike egazini, zivumele ukuba zisakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba, zithinte isibindi, izinso ngisho nengqondo.Ngenxa yalezi zimo eziyingozi, abanye abakhiqizi baseMelika abasazimisele ukubeka abasebenzi babo engozini.Kunalokho, lo msebenzi wenziwa ngaphandle.Kodwa nalabo bakhiqizi abakhipha izinsiza bacele ukuthi kumiswe ukukhiqizwa kwethusi kanye nokugaya okuhilelekile.
Njengoba kunabakhiqizi abambalwa nabancane be-bronze ekhaya naphesheya, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukuthola ama-bronze, okuholela emananini angenangqondo.
Ukuze kuqedwe ukhonkolo, umehluko phakathi kwethusi ne-zinc mncane.Kokubili kunikeza amathuluzi okhonkolo anamandla aphezulu okuthwala, ukumelana okuhle kokuhuzuka, kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza cishe imiphumela efanayo yokuqeda.I-Zinc ayinazo zonke izinkinga ezifanayo-ilula, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, imelana nesifo se-bronze, futhi iyonga imali.Izinkampani zaseMarshalltown
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-zinc akuthwali lezi zindleko ezifanayo.Lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwesithando somlilo esishisayo se-zinc-lead ngeminyaka yawo-1960s, esasebenzisa ukupholisa kwe-impingement kanye nokumuncwa kwesitimu ukukhiqiza i-zinc.Imiphumela ilethe izinzuzo eziningi kubakhiqizi nakubathengi, okuhlanganisa:
I-Zinc iqhathaniswa nethusi kuzo zonke izici.Zombili zinamandla okuthwala umthwalo ophezulu kanye nokumelana nokuhuzuka okuhle, futhi zilungele ubunjiniyela obuphathekayo, kuyilapho i-zinc ithatha isinyathelo esiqhubekayo, nokuvikeleka esifweni sethusi kanye nephrofayili elula, elula ukuyisebenzisa enganikeza osonkontileka umphumela ofanayo. kwe.
Lokhu futhi ingxenye encane yezindleko zamathuluzi ethusi.I-Zinc isekelwe e-United States, enembe kakhudlwana futhi ayidingi ukugaya nokukhishwa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Lokhu akugcini nje ngokusindisa abasebenzi babo emaphashini anothuli nakwezinye izimo zempilo ezibucayi, kodwa futhi kusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bangasebenzisa imali encane ukuze bakhiqize okwengeziwe.Lokhu kongiwa kuyobe sekudluliselwa kosonkontileka ukuze abasize bonge izindleko zokuthenga amathuluzi ekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ngazo zonke lezi zinzuzo, kungase kube isikhathi sokuthi imboni ishiye inkathi yethusi yamathuluzi kakhonkolo futhi yamukele ikusasa le-zinc.
U-Megan Rachuy ungumbhali nomhleli wokuqukethwe kwe-MARSHALLTOWN, umholi womhlaba ekwakhiweni kwamathuluzi ezandla nemishini yokwakha ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.Njengombhali ohlala khona, ubhala i-DIY kanye nokuqukethwe okuhlobene ne-MARSHALLTOWN DIY Workshop blog.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-06-2021