Ukubuyisa i-Arizona Highway kukhonkolo kasimende wePortland kungavele kufakazele inzuzo yokusebenzisa ukugaya kwedayimane njengenye indlela yokugaya okujwayelekile nokugcwaliswa. I-Outlook ikhombisa ukuthi esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-30, izindleko zokulungisa zizoncishiswa yi-USD 3.9 billion.
Le ndatshana isuselwa kwi-webInar eyayibanjwe ekuqaleni ngesikhathi sokudla kanye nokugaya inhlangano (i-IGGA) yezobuchwepheshe ngoDisemba 2020. Bukela idemo ephelele ngezansi.
Izakhamizi ezisendaweni yasePhoenix zifuna imigwaqo ebushelelezi, emihle, futhi ethule. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokukhula kwabantu abaqhumayo endaweni futhi imali enganele ukuze iqhubeke, izimo zomgwaqo kule ndawo bezilokhu zincipha eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. UMnyango WezokuThutha e-Arizona (i-ADOT) ufunda izixazululo zokudala ukuze zilondoloze inethiwekhi yazo yomgwaqo omkhulu futhi zinikeze izinhlobo zemigwaqo umphakathi olindele.
IPhoenix yidolobha lesihlanu elinabantu abaningi e-United States, futhi lisakhula. Inethiwekhi yemigwaqo engamakhilomitha angama-435 yedolobha igcinwa yi-Arizona yoMnyango WezokuThutha Ezokuvakasha (ADOT), iningi lawo liqukethe imigwaqo emincane yemizila emine yemoto (HOV). Ngokwesabelomali sokwakha se-US $ 500 million ngonyaka, imvamisa iqhuba amaphrojekthi wokwakha angama-20 kuya kwangama-25 kunethiwekhi yomgwaqo ephezulu kakhulu unyaka ngamunye.
U-Arizona ubelokhu esebenzisa imigwaqo ekhonkolo kusukela ngo-1920s. Ukhonkolo ungasetshenziselwa amashumi eminyaka futhi udinga kuphela ukulungiswa njalo ngeminyaka engama-20-25. Ku-Arizona, iminyaka engama-40 yokuhlangenwe nakho okuphumelelayo kwavumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwemigwaqo emikhulu yombuso ngeminyaka yoMbuso ngeminyaka yo-1960. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuveza umgwaqo nokhonkolo kwakusho ukwenza ukuhweba ngokuthengisa ngomsindo womgwaqo. Ngalesi sikhathi, indawo ekhonkolo iqediwe ngokuthathwa (ukudonsa i-take yensimbi ekhasini likakhonkolo livela ekuhambeni kwethrafikhi), kanye namathayi okushayela ukhonkolo onomsindo onomsindo. Ngo-2003, ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yomsindo, 1-in. I-Asphalt Rubber Chruction uryer (AR-ACFC) yasetshenziswa ngaphezulu kokhonkolo kasimende wePortland (PCC). Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngokubukeka okungaguquki, umsindo othule nokuhamba okunethezekile. Kodwa-ke, ukulondolozwa kobuso be-AR-ACFC sekufakazele ukuthi kuyinselele.
Impilo yokuklama ye-AR-ACFC icishe ibe yiminyaka eyi-10. Imigwaqo emikhulu ka-Arizona manje seyedlule impilo yabo yokuklama futhi iyaguga. Izinkinga ezihlanganisiwe nezihlobene zibeka izinkinga kubashayeli kanye noMnyango Wezokuhamba. Yize ukuhliswa kuvame kuphela kuphumela ekulahlekelweni okungu-1 inch of umgwaqo (ngoba asphalt enjoloba okungu-1-intshi sekuhlukaniswe ukhonkolo ongezansi), iphuzu lokulingisa lithathwa njengepothole Inkinga.
Ngemuva kokuhlola ukugaya kwamadayimane, indawo ekhonkolo yesizukulwane esilandelayo, nokuqeda indawo ekhonkolo ngesigaxa se-slip noma i-micromilling, i-anow inqume ukuthi ukuthungwa okude okutholwe ngokubukeka kwe-forcurow kunikeza izinombolo ezihamba phambili zokushayela (njengoba kuboniswe yizinombolo eziphansi ze-IRI) ) nokukhishwa komsindo ophansi. URandy Everett noMnyango Wezokuhamba wase-Arizona
I-Arizona isebenzisa i-International Roughness Index (IRI) ukukala izimo zomgwaqo, nenombolo ibilokhu incipha. . Ngokusho kwezilinganiso ze-IRI ezenziwa ngonyaka ka-2010, ama-72% wemigwaqo emikhulu ye-interstate esifundeni asesimweni esihle. Ngo-2018, le ngxenye yawela kuma-53%. Imizila Kazwelonke Yohlelo Lomgwaqo futhi ibonisa nomkhuba ongezansi. Izilinganiso ngonyaka we-2010 ziveze ukuthi ama-68% emigwaqo ayesesimweni esihle. Ngo-2018, le nombolo yehle yaya kuma-35%.
Njengoba izindleko zanda - futhi isabelomali asikwazanga ukuqhubeka no-Ephreli 2019, i-ADOT yaqala ukufuna izinketho zokugcina ezingcono kunebhokisi lamathuluzi langaphambilini. Ngendlela esetshenziswayo esesimweni esihle ngaphakathi kwewindows le-Life Tonidi Design 10 kuya kwayi-15 - futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uMnyango ugcine indawo ekhona emimonweni enhle ifaka uphawu lokuqhekeka, ukubopha uphawu (ukufaka uphawu ungqimba lokukhanya, ukuqina kwe-asphalt e-asphalt emulsion), noma ukulungisa izimbobo ngazinye. Ngemigwaqo edlula impilo ye-Design, inketho eyodwa ukugaya i-asphalt engcolile bese ubeka ukumbozwa okubhalwe phansi okusha kwenjoloba. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesilinganiso sendawo edinga ukulungiswa, lokhu kufakazela kubi kakhulu. Esinye isithiyo kunoma yisiphi isixazululo esidinga ukugaya okuphindaphindwayo kwendawo e-asphalt ukuthi imishini yokugaya izothinta ngokungenakuphikiswa futhi ilimaze ukukhonkolo okuyisisekelo, futhi ukulahleka kwezinto zokhonkolo emalungeni ikakhulukazi.
Kwakuzokwenzekani uma u-Arizona ebuyela endaweni yasekuqaleni ye-PCC? I-ADOT iyazi ukuthi imigwaqo emikhulu yokhonkolo eHulumeni yenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuqina kwesakhiwo isikhathi eside. Umnyango wabona ukuthi uma bengasebenzisa i-PCC engaphansi ukuze bathuthukise indawo yayo yokugcina eyenziwe yayo ukwakha umgwaqo othule futhi osusiwe, umgwaqo olungisiwe ungahlala isikhathi eside futhi udinga ukulungiswa. Kuncane kakhulu kune-asphalt.
Njengengxenye yephrojekthi ku-SR 101 enyakatho yePhoenix, ungqimba we-AR-ACFC ususiwe, ngakho-ke i-ADOT ifake izigaba ezine zokuhlola ukuze ihlole i-solutions ezayo ngenkathi isebenza kahle, ukugibela komgwaqo okuhle. UMnyango ubuyekeze ukwakheka kwedayimane kanye nobuso obuyisizukulwane esilandelayo I-ADOT ibuye icubungule ukusetshenziswa kwe-grinder sliding (inqubo lapho umshini uqondisa khona ama-ball ethwala emphakathini ukuthuthukisa izici zezingxabano) noma ama-micro-milling ukuqeda indawo ekhonkolo. Ngemuva kokuhlola indlela ngayinye, i-ADOT yanquma ukuthi ukuthungwa okude okutholwe ngokugaya kwedayimane kuhlinzeka ngokubukeka okuhle kwe-compur kanye nesipiliyoni esihle sokugibela (njengoba kukhonjisiwe yinani eliphansi le-IRI) nomsindo ophansi. Inqubo yokugaya yedayimane futhi ifakazele ukuthi imnene ngokwanele ukuvikela izindawo zikakhonkolo, ikakhulukazi ezizungeze amalunga, ezazilimele ngaphambili ngokugaya. Idayimane lokugaya libuye libe yisixazululo esisebenzayo.
NgoMeyi 2019, i-ADOT yanquma ukugaya iDayimane - igaya isigaba esincane se-SR 202 esisendaweni eseningizimu yePhoenix. Umgwaqo oneminyaka engu-15 ac-acfc wawukhululekile futhi wenziwa waphonswa amadwala okuxekethile esitsheni somoya, futhi abashayeli bakhala ngesivinini somoya esilinyazwa ngamatshe ezindizayo nsuku zonke. Ingxenye yezimangalo zokulahleka kulesi sifunda ziphakeme kunakwezinye izifunda zezwe. Indlela eseceleni nayo inomsindo omkhulu futhi kunzima ukushayela. I-ADOT yakhetha ukuqeda ama-Diamond-aqediwe emizileni emibili yangakwesokunxele kanye ne-SR 202 uhhafu wemayela. Basebenzise ibhakede labalayishi ukususa ungqimba olukhona lwe-AR-ACFC ngaphandle kokulimaza ukhonkolo ongezansi. UMnyango uvivinye ngempumelelo le ndlela ngo-Ephreli lapho enezindlela zokubumba izindlela zokubuyela kumgwaqo we-PCC. Ngemuva kokuthi iphrojekthi isiphothuliwe, ummeleli we-adot wabona ukuthi umshayeli uzosuka emzileni we-AR-ACFC waya emzileni wedayimane lomzila wedayimane ukuze athole ukugibela okuthuthukile kanye nezimpawu zomsindo.
Yize kungewona wonke amaphrojekthi okushayela aqediwe, okutholwe kuqala ngezindleko okukhombisa ukuthi imali esolwa ngokusetshenziswa kwendlela ekhonkolo nedayimane ukugaya ukwandisa ukubukeka, bushelelezi, futhi umsindo kunganciphisa ukulungiswa kwemali ka- $ 3.9 billion ngezindleko zonyaka. Isikhathi esiyiminyaka engama-30. URandy Everett kanye noMnyango Wezokuhamba wase-Arizona
Cishe ngalesi sikhathi, inhlangano kahulumeni yaseMaricopa (Mag) yakhipha umbiko ohlola umsindo omkhulu wendawo nokuhamba. Umbiko lo uyavuma ubunzima bokugcina inethiwekhi yomgwaqo futhi ugxile ezifweni zomsindo zomgwaqo. Isiphetho esiyisihluthulelo ukuthi ngoba inzuzo yomsindo ye-AR-ACFC inyamalala ngokushesha okukhulu, "ukwelashwa komhlaba wedayimane kufanele kubhekwe esikhundleni sokumbondelana kwenjoloba." Enye intuthuko yesikhathi sonke isikhathi inkontileka yokuthengwa kwempahla evumela idayimane lokugaya usonkontileka alethwe ukuze kulungiswe kanye nokwakha.
I-ADOT ikholelwa ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo esilandelayo futhi uhlelele ukuqala iphrojekthi enkulu yokugaya yedayimane ku-SR 202 ngoFebhuwari 2020. Le ndawo yayinkulu kakhulu ukusebenzisa isithasiselo ukuze isuse asphalt, ngakho-ke kwasetshenziswa umshini wokugaya. UMnyango usika imichilo enjoloba asphalt ngosonkontileka owumamitha ukuze asebenzise njengesiqondisi ngesikhathi senqubo yokugaya. Ngokwenza kube lula ukuthi opharetha ukubona indawo ye-PCC ngaphansi kwesembozo, imishini yokugaya ingashintshwa futhi ilimaze ngokhonkolo ongaphansi kwemali ingancishiswa. Indawo yokugcina yedayimane yedayimane ye-SR 202 ihlangana nawo wonke amazinga we-Adot - ithulile, ibushelelezi futhi ikhangayo - kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ze-asphalt, inani le-IRI lalithandeka kakhulu ngawo-1920 nangu-1930. Lezi zici zomsindo eziqhathaniswa zingatholakala ngoba yize i-ar-acfc entsha imele i-5 DB ethule kunomhlaba wedayimane, lapho i-AR-ACFC egandayiwe isetshenziswa iminyaka emi-5 kuye kwengama-9, imiphumela yayo yokulinganisa ifana noma iphakeme i-DB Level. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi umsindo we-SR 202 Diamond Good Ground ephansi kakhulu kubashayeli, kepha indlela eseceleni nayo ikhiqiza umsindo omncane emiphakathini eseduze.
Impumelelo yemisebenzi yabo yokuqala yagqugquzela i-ADOT ukuthi iqale amanye amaphrojekthi wokushayela edayimane. I-diamond yokugaya ye-loop 101 intengo Freeway isiqediwe. Idayimane lokugaya le-loop 101 Pima Freeway lizokwenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-2021, nokwakhiwa kwe-loop 101 I-17 kuye ku-75, kulindeleke ukuthi kwenziwe eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo. I-ADOT izolandelela ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinto ukubheka ukwesekwa kwamalunga, noma ngabe ukhonkolo selibunjiwe, kanye nokugcinwa kwekhwalithi yomsindo nokugibela.
Yize kungewona wonke amaphrojekthi okushayela aqediwe, imininingwane eqoqwe kuze kube manje ivumela ukucatshangelwa kwedayimane ukugaya njengenye indlela yokugaya nokugcwaliswa okujwayelekile. Imiphumela yokuqala yophenyo lwezindleko ikhombisa ukuthi imali eyongelwayo ehambisana nokusebenzisa i-Concrete Pavement kanye nedayimane egaya ukwandisa ukubukeka, bushelelezi kanye nomsindo kunganciphisa izindleko zokulungisa isikhathi seminyaka engu-30.
Ngokusebenzisa i-pencrement ekhona ekhona ePhoenix, hhayi kuphela isabelomali sokulungisa esinganwetshwa kanye nemigwaqo eminingi igcinwa isesimweni esihle, kepha ukuqina kokhonkolo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okuhlobene nokulungiswa kwemigwaqo kuncishisiwe. Okubaluleke kakhulu, umphakathi uzokwazi ukujabulela indawo yokushayela ebushelelezi futhi ethule.
URandy Everett ungumphathi omkhulu womnyango woMnyango Wezokuvakasha eCentral Arizona.
I-Igga yinhlangano yokuhweba engenzi inzuzo esungulwe ngo-1972 yiqembu labasebenza ezifundeni ezizinikele, abazinikezele ekuthuthukiseni izinqubo zokugaya kanye nokugodo okukhonkotha kwePortland Consent Concrete kanye ne-asphalt. Ngo-1995, u-Igga wajoyina isivumelwano se-American Concrete Hasment Association (ACPA), ekwakheni ukusebenzisana okuvikelwa kwe-IGGA / ACPA Namuhla, lokhu kubambisana kungumthombo wezobuchwepheshe izinsiza kanye nomholi wezimboni ekukhangisweni kwe-Global Plavement Surfaces, ukulungiswa kwekhonkolo kokhonkolo kanye nokuvikelwa kwesitezi. Umsebenzi we-Igga uzoba ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kanye nomthombo wokuphromotha wokwamukelwa kanye nokusetshenziswa okulungile kokugaya amadayimane nokugqekeza, kanye nokulondolozwa kwe-PCC nokubuyiselwa.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-08-2021