Chaza i-ACI entsha ye-Concrete Slab Decression Procation. Kepha okokuqala, kungani sidinga ukucaciswa?
Ama-slabs ekhonkolo abunjiwe aya ngokuya ethandwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke osonkontileka kufanele babe nezindlela zokuzikhiqiza ngekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu. Ngokwemininingwane evela ocwaningweni lwe-Grand View, izitezi zokhonkolo zokuqala zaqala ngo-1990s, kodwa ngonyaka ka-2019, ngokwezimali, izitebhisi ezibunjiwe eziboshwe ngemali ekhonkolo yephakethe le-US. Namuhla, ama-slabs ekhonkolo abunjiwe angatholakala ezitolo zokudla, amahhovisi, ezitolo zezitolo, amabhokisi amakhulu, namakhaya. Izici ezinikezwe amakhonkrithi wekhonkrithi abunjiwe ashayela ngokwanda kokusetshenziswa, njengokuqina okuphezulu, impilo ende, ukulungiswa okulula, izindleko zokubiza izindleko, ukukhanya okuphezulu. Njengoba bekulindelekile, lo mkhakha kulindeleke ukuthi wandise eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.
I-gloss (isibonakaliso) Ukulinganiswa kwesigaxa sikakhonkolo esibunjiwe kukhombisa ukuthi ingakanani indawo ebunjiwe. Ama-slabs ekhonkolo abunjiwe lapha abonisa ukukhanyisa okuphezulu kwemakethe yomlimi wamahlumela. Izithombe ngomusa uPatrick Harrison uhlangabezana nalesi sidingo, futhi manje isivele sikhonkolo sikhonkolo se-slab fides (ACI 310.1) inquma amazinga aphansi abumba amakhonkrithi abunjiwe okufanele ahlangane. Njengoba kunendlela yokuchaza izindlela ezilindelwe kanye nemiphumela, kulula ukufeza ukulindelwa komakhi / unjiniyela. Kwesinye isikhathi, izinqubo eziyisisekelo ezinjengokuhlanza izilabhisi ezihlanza zingasho izindlela ezahlukahlukene zabakhi bezakhiwo / onjiniyela kanye nosonkontileka. Kusetshenziswa ukucaciswa okusha kwe-ACI 310.1, kungafinyelelwa ngokucaciswa futhi usonkontileka manje angafakazela ukuthi okuqukethwe okuchazwe kwinkontileka kuhlangatsheziwe. Womabili la maqembu manje anemikhombandlela yezenzo ezijwayelekile zomkhakha. Njengazo zonke izindinganiso ze-ACI, imininingwane izobuyekezwa futhi ivuselelwa njengoba kudingeka eminyakeni embalwa ezayo ukukhombisa izidingo zomkhakha.
Imininingwane eku-ACI 310.1 Ukucacisa kulula ukuyithola ngoba ilandela ifomethi enezingxenye ezintathu, okungukuvamile, umkhiqizo kanye nokubulawa. Kunezidingo ezinemininingwane yokuhlola nokuhlola, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, ukwamukelwa kanye nokuvikelwa kokhonkolo ophethwe ukhonkolo ophekiwe. Engxenyeni yokuqalisa, kufaka phakathi izidingo zokuqedela indawo, imibala, ukugaya nokuphoqelela, nokulungiswa.
Ukucaciswa okusha kuyabona ukuthi yonke iphrojekthi inokuhlukahluka okuningi okumele kunqunywe. Idokhumenti yomakhi / yonjiniyela idinga ukucacisa izidingo ezithile zephrojekthi, njengokuvezwa okuphelele nokulindelwe ngobuhle. Uhlu Lwezidingo Olufakiwe Nezidingo Zohlu Lokuhlolisisa Izidingo Zohlu / Onjiniyela ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukucaciswa ngokuya ngezidingo zamaphrojekthi ngamunye, noma ngabe kuwukuchaza umbala qhwafu
Ukucaciswa okusha kuhlongoza ukudinga izilinganiso zobuhle futhi kuchaze ukuthi idatha kufanele iqoqwe kanjani. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhluka kwesithombe (doi), okubandakanya ubukhali nobunzima bobuso be-slab ngokulandelana kwezinyathelo zokupholisha, ngakho-ke kunendlela yokulinganisa ikhwalithi yayo. Isicwebezelisi (isicabangi) yisilinganiso esibonisa ukuthi ucwebezela kangakanani indawo. Ukukala kuhlinzeka ngencazelo yenhloso eyengeziwe yama-aesthetics angaphezulu komhlaba. I-Haze ichazwa kudokhumenti, okuvame ukukhombisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ethile ifakiwe ukudala ama-aesthetics.
Njengamanje, izivivinyo kuma-slabs ekhonkolo abunjiwe awaguquguquki. Osonkontileka abaningi abazange baqoqe ukufundwa okwanele futhi bacabanga ukuthi bathola ukuthi basebenzise izinga elithile lokulinganisa ngokuya ngama-aesthetics. Osonkontileka bavame ukuvivinya indawo encane yemodeli bese becabanga ukuthi basebenzisa izinto ezifanayo namasu ukukhiqiza kabusha imiphumela yokupholisa ngaphandle kokuhlola ibhodi yokugcina. I-ACI esanda kukhishwa i-ACI 310.1 inikezela ngohlaka lokuhlolwa okungaguquki usuku lonke nokuthi ungabikwa kanjani imiphumela. Ukuhlolwa komsebenzi okungaguquki kuhlinzeka osonkontileka ngomlando ongalinganiswa kwemiphumela engasetshenziswa kumabhidi azayo.
I-Concrete Entsha Ebunjiwe Yesikhonkolo Esibunjiwe (ACI 310.1) Inikeza isilinganiso esincane esisebenza kunoma yimuphi umkhawulo wekhonkolo osusiwe. I-bhela ingenye yezindawo ezithengiswayo ezaziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-slabs acwebezelayo. Ngoncedo lukaPatrick Harrison. I-ACI 310.1 Ukucaciswa futhi kunquma nokuhlolwa okumele kwenziwe kanye nendawo yokuhlolwa ngakunye.
I-expressines esanda kutholakala idokhumenti lapho kufanele enze izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlolwa. Isibonelo, okungenani amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuba umnikazi anawo, isivivinyo kufanele sifake i-pural gloss ngokuhambisana ne-ASTM D523, isithombe se-ASTM (DI) ngokuya nge-ASTM D4039 ngokuhambisana ne-ASTM D4039. I-ACI 310.1 I-ACI 310.1 Icacisa futhi icacisa indawo yokuhlola ngohlobo ngalunye lokuhlola, kepha umklami werekhodi udinga ukunquma izidingo eziphansi ze-doi, gloss kanye noHaze. Ngokunikeza umhlahlandlela wokuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okufanele kwenziwe futhi nini, idokhumenti ihlinzeka nge-RoadMap ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-slab ihlangabezana nezidingo ezichazwe kwinkontileka.
Ukuhlola nokubika ukuxhumana kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abanikazi bamaqembu, abanikazi bezakhiwo / onjiniyela, kanye nosonkontileka - bazi ukuthi i-slab ihlangana nekhwalithi okuvunyelwene ngayo. Lesi yisimo sokuwina: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umnikazi uhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme, futhi usonkontileka unezinombolo ezilinganiselayo zokufakazela impumelelo.
I-ACI 310.1 isiyatholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-ACI, futhi yaklanywa ngomzamo wokuhlangene phakathi kwe-ACI ne-American Association of Contcrete Consoncronts (ASCC). Ukusiza osonkontileka bahambisane namazinga aphansi achazwe, njengamanje ascc athuthukisa imihlahlandlela yosonkontileka ekhombisa amazinga kule khodi. Ukulandela ifomethi ye-ACI 310.1 Ukucaciswa, umhlahlandlela uzohlinzeka ngemibono nezincazelo kunoma yiziphi izindawo lapho usonkontileka angaludinga khona ukuholwa okwengeziwe. I-ACCC's ACI 310.1 Ukuholwa kulindeleke ukuthi kukhishwe maphakathi no-2021.
Ukucaciswa kokhokho okuqala kokhonkolo okubunjiwe okuvela ku-American Concrete Institute (ACI) manje sekuyatholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-ACI. I-Concrete Esha Yesikhonze Esibunjiwe Yesikhonzi (Aci 310.1) IQEDWA Ikomidi elihlangene le-ACI-ASCC 310 liyindlela yokuhlangana ye-ACI-ASCC I-ACI 310.1 I-Caperation isebenza kuma-slabs floor floor and sabs asusiwe. Lapho kucashunwe emibhalweni yenkontileka, ihlinzeka ngebhodi eliqediwe
Abakhi bezakhiwo / onjiniyela manje bangabhekisa kwincazelo entsha ye-ACI 310.1 kumadokhumenti enkontileka futhi abonise ukuthi izitezi zokhonkolo ezibunjiwe kufanele zihambisane nokucaciswa, noma zingacacisa izidingo eziqinile. Kungakho lo mbhalo ubizwa ngokuthi ukucaciswa kwereferensi ngoba unikeza indawo ephansi ephansi kakhulu yama-slabs ukhonkolo acwebezelayo. Lapho kucashunwe, lokhu kucaciswa okusha kuthathwa njengengxenye yedokhumenti yenkontileka phakathi komnikazi nosonkontileka, futhi kubalulekile usonkontileka ngamunye wokupholisa ukuba afunde ukucaciswa ukuze akuqonde.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-31-2021